What are the types of Chinese jade? Let Xiaobian come to introduce you today! The traditional jade of our country is the most familiar one, Hetian jade and Nanyang jade. So is there any other kind besides these two kinds of jade? Let's take a look at it.
1. Lan Tianyu
Produced in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province. Lantian jade has a yellow, light green color and is opaque with a hardness of 4 degrees Mohs. It is a serpentine type of diopside. Lantian jade has a long history of mining and was first seen in Han Shu. There are still jade mines. Due to the small amount of production, after the Han Dynasty, Hetian jade was used as a jade material. Therefore, the mining and application of Lantian jade has gradually lost. In the Ming Dynasty, Song Yingxing said in the "Tiangong Kaiwu" that Lantian is an alias for Congling (Kunlun Mountain), and Lantian is inferred for storing and transporting jade land. The geological department has inspected the Lantian jade that is still being mined. According to the research of Yi Bingzhen, vice president of the Gemological Association, the large-scale “beast-faced jade auxiliaries†unearthed near Maoling, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, was produced by Lantian jade. It is known that the origin of Lantian Meiyu, which was praised by Han and Tang Dynasties, was near the capital of Beijing at that time.
2. Nanyang Jade
Nanyangyu's mining area is located in Dushan, also known as "Dushan jade" and "done jade". Nanyang jade is a plagioclase jade with fine texture, pure, grease or glass luster, good polishing performance, transparent or micro-transparent. The hardness is 5.5 to 6.5 degrees. Nanyang jade is a multi-color jade. Commonly used for two or more tones composed of multi-color jade, bright colors, respectively: water white jade, white jade, black white jade, green jade, green white jade, sky blue jade, jade, sapphire, purple jade, bright brown jade, topaz , Huang Rongyu, Moyu and variegated jade. Nanyang jade has a long history of mining. The Neolithic Longshan culture jade axe unearthed from Shenmu Dendrobium in Shaanxi, the Yinxu jade found in 1952, and the jade found in the 1976 Women’s Tomb have found the example of Nanyang jade as jade. According to the literature, the mining of Nanyang jade has been quite large in the Han Dynasty. Up to now, there are more than one thousand ancient jade mines on the Dushan Mountain. It can be seen that Nanyang jade has a long history and a large scale. Nanyangyu's reserves are quite abundant, and it can still form scale production.
3, Jiuquan jade
Produced in the Qilian Mountains of Gansu, because there is also a city of Qilian jade. It is a serpentine jade. Translucent, mostly green, with even black spots. The hardness is from 4.5 to 5 degrees. The mining history of Jiuquan jade can be traced back to the Neolithic Age. The exquisite jade of Qijia culture unearthed from the Wuwei Niangniang site is made of Jiuquan jade.
4, uranium rock jade
Because the main producing area is named after the glaze rock in Liaoning, it is also called uranium jade. It is a serpentine formed in the metamorphic marble of magnesia carbonate. There are many deposits in this geological environment in China, so the origin of uranium jade is very wide. The appearance of uranium jade is blue-green and yellow-green. Translucent, waxy after polishing, hardness of 3.5 degrees to 5 degrees. The jade material used in the Hongshan culture of the Neolithic Age is produced in the fine jade gully in the uranium rock, commonly known as the old jade, which is a tremolite nephrite. Most jade materials from the jade wares of the Shang Dynasty Women's Tomb are similar to the uranium jade of the uranium rock. The uranium jade mining in Wagou Mine has a long history and abundant reserves. For China's current main jade mining area, the output accounts for about 60% of the country.
5. Hetian jade
It is distributed in the northern slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, which are distributed in Xinjiang Shache-Tashkurgan, Hetian-Yuwei and Qiemo County for 1,500 kilometers. There are nine production areas. The mineral composition of Hetian jade is dominated by tremolite-yangshi. It also contains traces of diopside, serpentine, graphite, magnets and other minerals. Different colors such as white, cyan, black, and yellow are formed. Most are monochromatic jade, and a few have variegated colors. The jade is translucent and has a greased luster after polishing with a hardness of 5.5 to 6.5 degrees. Hetian jade is born in a mountain rock with an altitude of 3,500 meters to 5,000 meters. After long-term weathering and stripping into pieces of different sizes, it collapses on the hillside and then flows into the river through rainwater. When the autumn river is dry, the jade collected in the riverbed is called seed jade, and the mountain material mined in the rock formation. The earliest jade articles of the era that have been discovered with Hetian jade are from the tomb of Yinxu Women. After the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Hetian jade gradually became the main jade material, both of which collected seed materials, and began mining mountain materials in the Qing Dynasty. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Dagu River was controlled by Yushu, and the jadeite material weighed more than 10,700 kilograms, which was collected from the Milareta Mountains.
The types of Chinese jade can be easily divided into these categories. I hope that the above introduction can help you.
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