Turquoise category rating

Turquoise is a high-quality jade material, which was known as the heavenly nation's gem during the Qing Dynasty, and is considered a lucky and happy sacred object. Turquoise varies in color depending on the elements it contains. It is blue when the oxide contains copper and green when it contains iron. Among them, blue, dark blue, opaque or slightly transparent, uniform color, soft luster, no brown wire best quality. The international gemstone community divides Turquoise into four grades: the first grade is the Persian grade; the second grade is the American grade; the third grade is the Egyptian grade; and the fourth grade is the Afghan grade. The first grade is the turquoise with the best quality.

The turquoise texture is delicate, soft, moderate in hardness, and is beautiful in color, but its color, hardness, and quality are quite different. Usually divided into four varieties, namely porcelain pine, green pine, bubble (face) pine and clematis.

Porcelain Pine: It is the hardest turquoise with a hardness of 5.5-6. Due to the fact that the fracture surface is similar to the shell shape, the polished gloss texture resembles porcelain, so it is named. The sky color is usually pure blue, and it is the top grade in turquoise.

Green Pine: The color ranges from blue-green to green, with a hardness of 4.5 to 5.5, which is slightly lower than that of porcelain pine. It is a medium quality rock.

Pao Song: also known as loose face, pale blue to moon white, hardness below 4.5, with a knife to scribe. Because this turquoise is soft and loose, only the larger pieces have the use value, which is the most important quality of the turquoise. However, in today's increasingly scarce turquoise materials, manual processing methods such as injection molding, wax injection, and dyeing are often used to improve the quality and appearance of the material, and thus can also be used as waste.

Clematis: Turquoise has black limonite fine veins distributed in a reticular pattern, giving the blue or green turquoise a turquoise species with black turtle back, reticulate or vein patterns, known as clematis. . The limonite veins on it are called "wires." The thin wire, firm bonding, hard quality, and the formation of a solid body of turquoise make the natural pattern on the turquoise like the ink line delineate. It is beautiful and unique. Turquoise with beautiful spider webs can also be a good product. However, if the texture is composed of clay veinlets, it is called mudline turquoise. Muddy turf cement is not strong, and its texture is soft and basically has no use value.

According to color, luster, texture, and blockiness, China's arts and crafts community generally divides turquoise into three levels:

(1) Grade 1 turquoise: bright sky blue, pure and uniform color, strong luster, translucent to slightly transparent, and glassy on the surface. The texture is dense, delicate, tough, no wire or other defects, large block.

(2) Grade 2 turquoise: dark blue, blue-green, emerald green, strong luster, slightly transparent. Tough texture, little iron wire or other defects, moderate size.

(3) Grade 3 turquoise: light blue or blue-white, light yellow-green, etc., poor luster, relatively stiff texture, obvious iron lines, or more defects such as white brain, gluten, and barium, and block sizes .

Foreign turquoise grades Turquoise is divided into four grades according to the characteristics of turquoise color, transparency, and impurity distribution. These grades are sometimes represented by some place names. The names here are used only for quality grades and do not indicate geographical origin. .

(1) The first-class product includes the following three different structures of Turquoise A, the highest-grade turquoise is strong-medium blue, the color is soft and uniform, there is no dark or light blue spot, no wire, A strong sheen and translucency give the turquoise surface a glassy feel. Turquoise has a small porosity and a relatively high relative density. This level is rare, common in Persian turquoise, it has become a Persian commercial level;

B. The color and texture are uniform, but there is a seductive spider web pattern on the surface of the turquoise. At this time, the iron is composed of a fine line-like grid of lines. This turquoise often becomes Persian spider web turquoise;

C. The color and texture are uniform, but the turquoise contains different amounts and forms of iron wire. The number, color and distribution of the iron wire greatly change the grade of the turquoise wire, and the attractiveness is graded. One of the principles. This type became Persian-grade turquoise wire.

(2) The secondary products of secondary products are divided into the following three types according to their structure:

A, this level is light blue, not as bright as Persian. Transparency is also worse than Persian, opaque or slightly transparent, not shiny enough, and the structure is patchy, with slightly shallow or slightly dark areas, most without wire;

B. The same level of color and texture, fine surface spider web;

C. Color and texture at the same level, containing different amounts and forms of wire.

The secondary products are commercially known as the Americas, American Turquoise and Mexican Turquoise, etc. These names do not have meaning of origin.

(3) The three grades appear blue or blue-green, and are usually selected from the first grade. They are denser than the American Turquoise, but the colors are unappealing, so they rarely approach the second grade. Pastels and other inferior products do not sell well. Commercially known as the Egyptian class.

(4) The four grades are light-colored or dark-yellow-green, with more iron wires. They are inferior products with little value. Commercially known as Afghan-grade turquoise as a gemstone is characterized by color as its main feature. On request turquoise has a standard sky blue. Followed by dark blue and blue-green, strong luster, translucent, fine texture, large block, smooth and clean, no white brain, tendons, crooked heart, fried and other defects. Those with a black pattern require a clear and seamless pattern border. As for the small transparent crystals, it is rare turquoise boutique, weighing 0.6 carats can be polished into faceted gemstones.

White brain: refers to the white or moon-white star spots or spots that exist on the sky blue or blue-green background. This time is caused by minerals such as quartz and calcite. The presence of white brain will greatly reduce the quality of turquoise. Ribs: Turquoise with white veins.糠 糠 : : : : : : : : : : : 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿 绿. Gray-brown is a big taboo of turquoise, so it seriously affects its quality. Fritability: Refers to the natural cracking properties of turquoise during processing.